微生物技术改善河道水质的研究

该课题是探索直接利用人工培养的微生物改善河道水质的研究。在桂林桃花江河道投放反硝化细菌制剂2个月后,水质有了一定程度的改善,COD和TN的浓度降低,但TP和浊度变化幅度不大。受进水水质和低温天气的影响,反硝化细菌制剂的净化作用及反硝化作用不能充分发挥。     

中国人居空间环境污染状况及防治策略--室内、汽车、冰箱的污染情况及防治方法

随着社会的发展，人们在室内和汽车内的时间占人一生中总的时间的90％还多。而且室内环境的好坏直接影响我们的身体健康。同时冰箱引起的健康问题逐渐被人们所重视。     

Characterization of depth-related microbial communities in lake sediment by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of amplified 16S rRNA fragments

The characterization of microbial communities of different depth sediment samples was examined by a culture-independent method and compared with physicochemical parameters, those are organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, pH and redox potential （Eh）. Total genomic DNA was extracted from samples derived from different depths. After they were amplified with the GC-341 f/907r primer sets of partial bacterial 16S rRNA genes, the products were separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）. The profile of DGGE fingerprints of different depth sediment samples revealed that the community structure remained relatively stable along the entire 45 cm sediment core, however, principal-component analysis of DGGE patterns revealed that at greater sediment depths, successional shifts in community structure were evident. The principle coordinates analysis suggested that the bacterial communities along the sediment core could be separated into two groups, which were located 0-20 cm and 21-45 cm, respectively. The sequencing dominant bands demonstrated that the major phylogenetic groups identified by DGGE belonged to Bacillus, Bacterium, Brevibacillus, Exiguobacterium, γ-Proteobacterium, Acinetobacter sp. and some uncultured or unidentified bacteria. The results indicated the existence of highly diverse bacterial community in the lake sediment core.     

重金属铜、锌、镉、铅复合污染对土壤环境微生物群落的影响

以铜锌冶炼厂附近的水稻土为例 ,研究了重金属复合污染对土壤微生物群落的影响 .结果表明 ,有效铜、锌、镉、铅与微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮、微生物商、微生物生物量氮 全氮均呈显著负相关 .重金属污染均能降低细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量 .用BIOLOG生态盘研究了重金属污染对微生物群落结构的影响 ,发现重金属污染明显影响了微生物群落结构 ,反映在典型变量 1(CV1)与重金属元素含量呈极显著正相关 ,因此认为典型变量 1是反映重金属污染程度的有效指标 .经逐步回归分析发现 ,有效铜是影响典型变量 1最主要的因素 .     

无机高分子铁钙铝混凝剂PFCA的研制及性能研究

复合型无机高分子混凝剂（ＩＰＣ）能进一步提高煤泥水的处理效果，降低有机高分子助凝剂的用量。本研究在合成得到β－ＰＦＳ溶液的基础上，引入钙铝离子共聚得到ＰＦＣＡ液体产品。含Ｆｅ＾３＋８％的ＰＦＣＡ液样通过添加晶种和活化剂的方式，极易制成偻剂产品。本文还运用透射电镜分析了ＰＦＣＡ与水中煤粒相互作用的机理。     

微生物采油技术应用及发展动态

微生物采油技术作为第四种驱油技术方法不断成熟应用也日渐广泛。介绍了微生物采油技术的特点、微生物提高原油采收率的作用机理、微生物采油技术的应用方式和技术标准。还介绍了微生物采油技术在我国的发展动态，提出了今后研究的着重点和方向。     

Dissimilatory reduction of Fe~III (EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption

IntroductionThecombustionoffossilfuelsgeneratesSO2 andNOxpollutantswhichcauseairpollutionandacidrain .Existingfluegasdesulfurization(FGD)scrubbersinvolvelimestoneprocesses,whichareefficientforcontrollingSO2 emission ,butareincapableofremovingalmostwater i…     

用微生物转化-化学沉淀法从烟气SO2中制取ZnS

提出了用微生物转化-化学沉淀法将烟气中SO2转化为ZnS的新工艺.考察了碳源类型、乙酸浓度、ZnCl2量和反应时间对SO32-去除和ZnS生成的影响,应用XPS和XRD对生成的ZnS进行了分析.研究表明,ZnCl2加入导致硫酸盐还原菌SRB转化产生的S2-快速生成ZnS沉淀,而其他副反应被抑制.当乙酸C原子/SO32-物质的量浓度比为1时,SO32-去除和ZnS生成最大.随着ZnCl2量增加,ZnS生成量增加,但过量ZnCl2造成Zn利用率下降和ZnS中Zn(OH)2杂质增多.随生化反应时间增加,SO32-的去除率与ZnS生成率也增加,并且X-射线衍射表明生成的ZnS为六方晶系α-ZnS.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by surface fluorination in degradation of organic cationic compound

Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of TiO2 surface fluorination on the photodegradation of a representative organic cationic compound, Methylene Blue （MB）. The eleetropositive MB shows poor adsorption on TiO2 surface; its degradation performs a HO. radical-mediated mechanism. In the F-modified system, the kinetic reaction rate enlarged more than 2.5 fold that was attributed mainly to the accumulating adsorption of MB and the increased photogenerated hole available on the F-modified TiO2 surface.     

改性PAC的制备及其对染料废水脱色的实验研究

通过用改性絮凝剂对酸性黑210#进行脱色,研究了在改性PAC(引入SO42-)中加入了PAM,改进其絮凝性能的工艺条件.结果表明,改性过程中,改性PAC和PAM的最佳比是240:1,适宜的改性时间和改性温度分别是2 h和50℃.改性产品与市售聚合氯化铝相比,可在较少的投加量时达到较高的脱色率.